In her accession to power and her rule of the empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favourites, most notably Count Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Under her long reign, inspired by the ideas of the Enlightenment, Russia experienced a renaissance of culture and sciences, which led to the founding of many new cities, universities, and theatres, along with large-scale immigration from the rest of Europe and the recognition of Russia as one of the great powers of Europe. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter III. Catherine II (born Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst – 17 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796.
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